Sources

We aim to ground every tax parameter in an authoritative source. The 2025 federal figures come from the IRS and SSA, and state income tax rates for all 50 states and Washington, D.C. are compiled primarily from the Tax Foundation's annual survey and cross-checked against state revenue departments where available. The references below are the authorities we rely on; results remain estimates and should be verified for your specific situation.

• IRS — 2025 tax brackets

  Revenue Procedure 2024-40 contains the official 2025 federal income tax rate tables and original inflation-adjusted amounts.

• IRS — updated 2025 standard deduction

  The latest IRS guidance reflects the retroactive increase to $15,750 single, $31,500 married filing jointly, and $23,625 head of household.

• Social Security Administration (SSA)

  Social Security wage base limit and contribution rates.

• Tax Foundation — State Individual Income Tax Rates and Brackets

  Primary reference for 2025 state income tax rates, brackets, and standard deductions across all 50 states and D.C.

• California Franchise Tax Board (FTB)

  California state income tax brackets and standard deduction.

• Illinois Department of Revenue

  Illinois's 4.95% individual income tax rate and $2,850 personal exemption for tax year 2025.

• Florida Department of Revenue

  Official confirmation that Florida does not impose a personal income tax.

• Colorado Department of Revenue

  Colorado's official individual income tax guide and 2025 4.4% rate.

• Georgia Department of Revenue

  Georgia 2025 flat rate update (HB 111) used to cross-check the state rate.

• New York State Department of Taxation and Finance

  Official 2025 New York State, New York City, and Yonkers rate schedules and filing instructions.

• Ohio Department of Taxation — The Finder

  Municipal income tax lookup used to document the local-tax limitation in the Ohio estimate.

• Pennsylvania Department of Revenue

  Pennsylvania's 3.07% personal income tax rate.

• Pennsylvania DCED — Local Income Tax

  Local Earned Income Tax and Local Services Tax rules that are not included in the calculator.

• Louisiana Department of Revenue

  Louisiana's 2025 move to a single flat income tax rate.

• Texas Comptroller

  Confirmation that Texas levies no state personal income tax.

If you spot an inaccuracy, contact us with the relevant IRS or state tax authority link so the estimate and its source can be reviewed together.